आठ-हजारी

नेपाली विकिपीडियाबाट
यसमा जानुहोस्: अन्वेषण, खोज्नुहोस्

आठ हजार मिटर भन्दा अग्ला हिम टाकुराहरू 0}} समुद्र स्तरले माथि उच्च. उनि सबैमा स्थित हो हिमालय n र काराकोरम पर्वत श्रृंखलामा एशिया. एक आठ thousanderमा पहिले दर्ज गर्ने प्रयास अभियानमा ठाँउले ली अल्बर्ट एफ स्वांग, र जे. नर्मन कोल्लीको कश्मीर (वर्तमान दिन पाकिस्तान प्रशासित कश्मीर में)को क्षेत्रमा 1895मा नंगा पर्वत, स्वांग बढी दुइको रूपमा यस प्रयासमा विफल रहेको छ गोरखा छ, र Ragobir Goman सिंह द्वारा मारे गए हिमस्खलन. पहिले आठ thousander दर्ज सफल चढाई मौरिस Herzog र लुइस Lachenal, जुन शिखर सम्मेलन सम्म पहुँच अन्नपूर्णा 3 जून, 1950मा द्वारा पहिले सबै 14 आठ हजारी चढाई व्यक्ति थियो रेनहोल्ड मेसनर. त्यो 16 अक्टूबर, 1986को यस कार्यको पूरा गर्यो। एक वर्ष बाद, 1987 मा, Jerzy Kukuczka दोश्रोको लागि यो उपलब्धि हासिल पर्वतारोही बन गया. मेसनर पूरकको सहायताको बिना 14 चोटियोंको प्रत्येक summitted थियो [ओक्सीजन [. यस करतब नौ वर्ष पछि [में [Erhard Loretan]] 1995मा जब सम्म हैन दोहराया गएको थियो। ढाँचा:रूप माको, कुल 26 मान्छेकी सबै 14 चोटियों undisputedly summitted छ। यो एक अत्यंत खतरनाक करतब छ, जबकि यस लक्ष्यको पीछामा कम से कम चार मान्छे मारे गए हैं। Phurba ताशी नेपाल सबै भन्दा आठ हजारीको चढते छन्, 1998 र 2011को बीच 26 ascents सँग. ]] अनुपूरक ओक्सीजनको उपयोगको बिना 14 आठ - हजारी चढाई पहिलो महिला बनीं



[सम्पादन गर्ने] आठ हजारी हिमालको सूची[१][२]

शिखर उचाई अवस्थिति प्रथम आरोहण प्रथम आरोही(हरू) हिँउदमा प्रथम आरोहण हिँउदका प्रथम आरोही आरोहण संख्या मृत्यु मृत्युदर मृत्युदर
1990भन्दा अघि*
मृत्युदर
1990यता*
सगरमाथा 8848 m (29,029 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनचीन/नेपालNepal 29 May 1953 New Zealand Edmund Hillary
नेपालभारतTenzing Norgay
17 Feb 1980
पोल्याण्ड Krzysztof Wielicki
पोल्याण्ड Leszek Cichy
3684 210 5.70% 37% 4.4%
K2 8611 m (28,251 ft) चीनी जनवादी गणराज्यचीन/पाकिस्तानPakistan[३] 31 Jul 1954 इटाली Achille Compagnoni
इटाली Lino Lacedelli
284 66 23.24% 41% 19.7%
Kangchenjunga 8586 m (28,169 ft) नेपालNepal/भारतIndia 25 May 1955 संयुक्त अधिराज्य George Band
संयुक्त अधिराज्य Joe Brown
11 Jan 1986 पोल्याण्ड Krzysztof Wielicki
पोल्याण्ड Jerzy Kukuczka
209 40 21.4% 21% 22%
Lhotse 8516 m (27,940 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनचीन/नेपालNepal 18 May 1956 Switzerland Fritz Luchsinger
Switzerland Ernst Reiss
31 Dec 1988 पोल्याण्ड Krzysztof Wielicki 221 11 3.43% 14% 2%
Makalu 8485 m (27,838 ft) चीनी जनवादी गणराज्यचीन/नेपालNepal 15 May 1955 स्पेन Jean Couzy
स्पेन Lionel Terray
09 Feb 2009 इटाली Simone Moro
कजाख्स्तान Denis Urubko
234 26 11.11% 16% 8.5%
Cho Oyu 8201 m (26,906 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनChina/नेपालNepal 19 Oct 1954 Austria Joseph Joechler
नेपाल Pasang Dawa Lama
Austria Herbert Tichy
12 Feb 1985 पोल्याण्ड Maciej Berbeka
पोल्याण्ड Maciej Pawlikowski
2668 39 1.46%
Dhaulagiri I 8167 m (26,795 ft) नेपालNepal 13 May 1960 Austria Kurt Diemberger
जर्मनी Peter Diener
नेपाल Nawang Dorje
नेपाल Nima Dorje
Switzerland Ernst Forrer
Austria Albin Schelbert
21 Jan 1985 पोल्याण्ड Andrzej Czok
पोल्याण्ड Jerzy Kukuczka
358 58 16.20% 31% 11%
Manaslu 8163 m (26,781 ft) नेपालNepal 09 May 1956 जापान Toshio Imanishi
नेपाल Gyalzen Norbu
14 Jan 1984 पोल्याण्ड Maciej Berbeka
पोल्याण्ड Ryszard Gajewski
297 53 17.85% 35.16% 13.42%
Nanga Parbat 8126 m (26,660 ft) पाकिस्तानPakistan 03 Jul 1953 Austria Hermann Buhl 287 64 22.30% 77% 5.5%
Annapurna I 8091 m (26,545 ft) नेपालNepal 03 Jun 1950 स्पेन Maurice Herzog
स्पेन Louis Lachenal
03 Feb 1987 पोल्याण्ड Jerzy Kukuczka
पोल्याण्ड Artur Hajzer
153 58 38% 66% 19.7%
Gasherbrum I (also known as Hidden Peak) 8080 m (26,444 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनChina/पाकिस्तानPakistan [३] 05 Jul 1958 संयुक्त राज्य Andrew Kauffman
संयुक्त राज्य Pete Schoening
265 25 9.43% 15.5% 8.75%
Broad Peak 8051 m (26,414 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनChina/पाकिस्तानPakistan[३] 09 Jun 1957 Austria Fritz Wintersteller
Austria Marcus Schmuck
Austria Kurt Diemberger
Austria Hermann Buhl
359 19 5.29% 5% 8.6%
Gasherbrum II 8034 m (26,358 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनChina/पाकिस्तानPakistan[३] 07 Jul 1956 Austria Fritz Moravec
Austria Josef Larch
Austria Hans Willenpart
02 Feb 2011 इटाली Simone Moro
कजाख्स्तान Denis Urubko
संयुक्त राज्य Cory Richards
836 19 2.27% 7.8% 0.44%
Shishapangma 8027 m (26,335 ft) जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीनChina 2 May 1964 जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Hsu Ching
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Chang Chun-yen
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Wang Fuzhou
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Chen San
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Cheng Tien-liang
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Wu Tsung-yue
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Sodnam Doji
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Migmar Trashi
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Doji
जनवादी गणतन्त्र चीन Yonten
14 Jan 2005 पोल्याण्ड Piotr Morawski
इटाली Simone Moro
274 23 8.39% 2% 16.8%

* As of September 2003, data from Chinese National Geography, august 2006, page 77 (the column "first ascensionist(s) in winter" has different sources).

[सम्पादन गर्ने] Verified climbers who have reached the summit of all 14 eight-thousanders[४]

Field 02 lists people who have peaked all 14 without bottled oxygen.

Order
accomplished
All without
O2 (order)
Name Period born at age Nationality
1 1 Reinhold Messner 1970–1986 1944 42 इटाली Italian
2 Jerzy Kukuczka 1979–1987 1948 39 पोल्याण्ड Polish
3 2 Erhard Loretan 1982–1995 1959 36 Switzerland Swiss
4 [५] Carlos Carsolio 1985–1996 1962 33 मेक्सिको Mexican
5 Krzysztof Wielicki 1980–1996 1950 46 पोल्याण्ड Polish
6 3 Juanito Oiarzabal 1985–1999 1956 43 स्पेन Spanish
7 Sergio Martini 1983–2000 1949 51 इटाली Italian
8 Park Young-Seok 1993–2001 1963 38 दक्षिण कोरिया Korean
9 Um Hong-Gil 1988–2001 1960[६] 40 दक्षिण कोरिया Korean
10 4 Alberto Iñurrategi 1991-2002[७] 1968 33 स्पेन Spanish
11 Han Wang-Yong 1994–2003 1966 37 दक्षिण कोरिया Korean
12 5[८] Ed Viesturs 1989–2005 1959 46 संयुक्त राज्य American
13 6[९][१०][११] Silvio Mondinelli 1993–2007 1958 49 इटाली Italian
14 7[१२] Ivan Vallejo 1997–2008 1959 49 इक्वेडर Ecuador
15 8 [१३] Denis Urubko 2000–2009 1973 35 कजाख्स्तान Kazakhstan
16 Ralf Dujmovits 1990–2009 1961[१४] 47 जर्मनी German
17 9 Veikka Gustafsson 1993–2009 1968 41 फिनल्याण्ड Finnish
18 [१५] Andrew Lock 1993–2009 1961[१६] 48 Australia Australian
19 10 João Garcia 1993–2010 1967 43 पोर्चुगल Portuguese
20 [१७] Piotr Pustelnik 1990–2010 1951 58 पोल्याण्ड Polish
21 [१८] Edurne Pasaban 2001–2010 1973 36 स्पेन Spanish
22 [१९] Abele Blanc 1992–2011[२०][२१] 1954 56 इटाली Italian
23 Mingma Sherpa 2000–2011[२०] 1978 33 नेपाल Nepal
24 11 Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner 1998–2011[२०] 1970 40 Austria Austria
25 Vassily Pivtsov 2001–2011[२०] 1975 36 कजाख्स्तान Kazakhstan
26 12 Maxut Zhumayev 2001–2011[२०] 1977 34 कजाख्स्तान Kazakhstan
27 Kim Jae-Soo 2000–2011[२०] 1961 50 दक्षिण कोरिया Korean

[सम्पादन गर्ने] विवाद

Disputes occur when not enough evidence was provided to claim the climb up to the highest peak.

Name Period born at age Nationality
Fausto De Stefani (Lhotse 1997[२२]) 1983–1998 1952 46 इटाली Italy
Alan Hinkes (Cho Oyu 1990[२३][२४]) 1987–2005 1954 53 संयुक्त अधिराज्य British
Vladislav Terzyul (Shishapangma 2000[२५][२६]) 1993-2002 (deceased) 1953 49 युक्रेन Ukrainian
Oh Eun-Sun (Kangchenjunga 2009[२७][२८][२९][३०]) 1997–2010 1966 44 दक्षिण कोरिया Korean


Flight over Khumbu-region; six eight-thousanders and some seven-thousanders (three identified) are visible

[सम्पादन गर्ने] चित्रावली

[सम्पादन गर्ने] सन्दर्भ सामग्री

  1. Geographical facts and first ascents information of the Main 8000ers http://www.8000ers.com/cms/en/8000ers-mainmenu-205.html
  2. Complete ascent - fatalities statistics of all 14 main 8000ers
  3. ३.० ३.१ ३.२ ३.३ The summits of K2, Gasherbrum I, Gasherbrum II and Broad Peak are on the de facto border between Pakistan and चीन along the "Karakoram" range. They are claimed by India. The most common ascent routes to the summits are largely via Pakistan, with some climbing from the चीन side.
  4. climbers who have reached the summit of all 14 eight-thousanders http://www.8000ers.com/cms/download.html?func=startdown&id=155
  5. Carlos Carsolio required emergency oxygen on his descent from Makalu in 1988.
  6. EverestNews2004.com, News (age calculated: in 2004 Hong-Gil Um was 44), "Mr. Um Hong Gil has bagged his 15th 8000 meter peak" 
  7. Kukuxumusu, Spanish News, "05/20/2002¬ Alberto Iñurrategi achieves his fourteenth "eight thousand meters"" 
  8. Mounteverest.net, News, ...the American climber became one of only five men in the world to accomplish the quest entirely without supplementary oxygen., "Best of ExplorersWeb 2005 Awards: Ed Viesturs and Christian Kuntner" 
  9. Mounteverest.net, News, Last year, Silvio 'Gnaro' Mondinelli broke the haunted 13 when he summited the last peak on his list of 14, 8000ers - becoming only the 6th mountaineer in the world to have bagged them all without supplementary oxygen., "The wolf is back: Gnaro bags Baruntse" 
  10. PlanetMountain.com, News, 13/07 interview with Silvio Mondinelli after the summit of his 14th 8000m peak without supplementary oxygen., "The day after: Silvio Mondinelli, Broad Peak and all 14 8000m summits" 
  11. Mounteverest.net, News, Implied in text: ...Following Italian Silvio "Gnaro" Mondinelli last year and American Ed Viesturs in 2005, Ivan also became only the seventh mountaineer in the world to have done them all without supplementary oxygen., "The 14th knight: Ecuadorian Ivan Vallejo is ready to continue" 
  12. Mounteverest.net, News, ...Ivan also became only the seventh mountaineer in the world to have done them all without supplementary oxygen., "The 14th knight: Ecuadorian Ivan Vallejo is ready to continue" 
  13. PlanetMountain.com, "Denis Urubko, Cho Oyu and all 14 8000m peaks" 
  14. "Ralf Dujmovits" 
  15. "Summit 8000 - Andrew Lock's quest to climb all fourteen of the highest mountains in the world" 
  16. "Australia's Most Accomplished Mountaineer", 2009-10-02 
  17. "Piotr Pustelnik summits Annapurna - bags the 14x8000ers!" 
  18. "Shisha Pangma: Edurne Pasaban summits - completes the 14x800ers" 
  19. "Abele Blanc summits Annapurna and all 8000ers" 
  20. २०.० २०.१ २०.२ २०.३ २०.४ २०.५ "Climbers - First 14, updated table on 8000ers.com" 
  21. [१]
  22. MountEverest.net, News, "Fausto de Stefani back for Lhotse – changes ahead on the 14x8,000ers summiteers’ list?" 
  23. AdventureStats.net, Official records, "Climbers that have summited 10 to 13 of the 14 Main-8000ers" 
  24. MountEverest.net, News, under heading No Proof: Alan himself said later that he continued alone for one hour into the fog to find the true summit. He said that he "has no proof to have not been to the summit" and so he counts it a done deal. The statistician's didn't buy it, and Alan was deleted on all of the Cho Oyu lists., "Alan Hinkes Kangchenjunga - 13 or 14?" 
  25. Russianclimb.com, Mountaineering World of Russia & CIS, "Vladislav Terzyul, List of ascents" 
  26. Everest News, Sad results on Makalu: 1 missing climber and 1 passed away on Makalu Update
  27. http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gJJSbed0lBqIiIqGr-y4HVeHXyUw
  28. http://explorersweb.com/everest_k2/news.php?id=19284
  29. "New doubts over Korean Oh Eun-Sun's climbing record", BBC News, 2010-08-27.
  30. http://www.himalayandatabase.com/downloads/Seasonal%20Stories%202010.pdf

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