ओटोल्यारिंजियोलोजी

Otolaryngology is the branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis र treatment of ear, nose, throat, र head & neck disorders. The full name of the specialty is otolaryngology-head र neck surgery. Practitioners are called otolaryngologists-head र neck surgeons, or sometimes otorhinolaryngologists (ORL). A commonly used term for this speciality is ENT (ear, nose र throat).

Explanation

Otolaryngologists are medical doctors who complete at least five years of surgical residency training. Currently, this is comprised of one year in general surgery, four years in otolaryngology - head र neck surgery; in the past it varied between two र three years of each.

Following residency training, some otolaryngologists elect to complete advanced subspeciality "fellowship" training which is usually one (but is sometimes two) years in duration.

Subspecialties

Head र Neck	Facial plastics	Otology	Neuro-otology	Rhinology/Sinus	Laryngology	Pediatrics	Allergy
Surgical oncology	Facial cosmetics	Ear	Middle र inner ear	Sinusitis	Voice therapy	VeloPalatine-Insufficiency
Reconstruction	Maxillofacial	Hearing	Temporal bone	Allergy	Phono-surgery	Cleft Lip र Palate
Endocrine surgery	Trauma		Skull base	Anterior skull base		Airway
			Dizziness	Apnea र snoring		Vascular Malformations
						Cochlear Implant/BAHA

Topics in Otolaryngology, Head र Neck Surgery

General Otolaryngology

• Deviated septum
• Laryngitis - inflammation of larynx र vocal cords producing hoarsness
• Parotitis
• Pharyngitis - inflammation of the pharynx producing symptoms more or less similar to tonsilitis
• Snoring र sleep apnea
• Tonsillitis - inflammation of tonsils producing pain, odynophagia(painful swallowing), fever etc...

Head र Neck/Reconstructive Surgery

• Head र neck cancer
  • Oncology
    • Chemotherapy
      • Chemotherapy regimens
    • Radiation therapy
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Thyroid cancer

Otology/Neuro-Otology

• Dizziness
  • BPPV - Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
  • labyrinthitis/vestibular neuronitis
  • Ménière's disease/Endolymphatic hydrops
  • Perilymphatic fistula
  • acoustic neuroma
• Hearing loss
• Mastoiditis
• Otitis externa - outer ear or ear canal inflammation
• Otitis media - middle ear inflammation
• Otitis interna - inner ear inflammation
• Perforated eardrum (hole in the eardrum due to infection, trauma, explosion or loud noise)

Rhinology (Sinus diseases र anterior skull base)

• Environmental Allergies
• Sinusitis - acute, chronic
• Rhinitis

Pediatrics

• laryngomalacia
• Caustic Ingestion
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Pediatric
• Tonsillectomy
• Adenoidectomy
• Myringotomy र Tubes

Laryngology

• Dysphonia / Hoarseness
  • Laryngitis
  • Reinke's Edema
  • Vocal Cord Nodules & Polyps
• Spasmodic Dysphonia
• Tracheostomy
• The Professional Voice
• Cancer of the Larynx

Trauma/Facial Plastics

• Rhinoplasty & Septoplasty
• Facelift (Rhytidectomy)
• Browlift
• Blepharoplasty
• Otoplasty
• Genioplasty
• Injectible Cosmetic Treatments
• Trauma to the Face
  • Nasal Bone Fracture
  • Mandible Fracture
  • Orbital Fracture
  • Frontal Sinus Fracture
  • Complex Lacerations र Soft Tissue Damage

Societies

• American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head र Neck Surgery
• Canadian Society of Otolaryngology - Head र Neck Surgery
• The American Laryngological, Rhinological र Otological Society
• British Association of Otorhinolaryngologists - Head & Neck Surgeons

External links

• On-Line ENT Journal Club (via JournalReview.org)
• Otolaryngology Careers Forum