"अरुणग्रह" का संशोधनहरू बिचको अन्तर

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नयाँ पृष्ठ: thumb|250px|अरुण र यसका चन्द्रमाहरू '''अरुण ''' सौर्यमण्डलक...
 
कुनै सम्पादन सारांश छैन
पङ्क्ति १: पङ्क्ति १:
{{Infobox planet
| bgcolour = #c0ffff
| name = Uranus
| symbol = [[File:Uranus symbol.svg|25px|Astronomical symbol of Uranus]]
| image = [[File:Uranus2.jpg|240px|Uranus as seen by Voyager 2]]
| caption = Uranus presented a nearly featureless disk to ''[[Voyager 2]]''
| discovery = yes
| discoverer = [[William Herschel]]
| discovered = March 13, 1781
| orbit_ref =
<ref name=horizons>{{cite web
|last = Yeomans|first = Donald K. |date = July 13, 2006
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons
|title = HORIZONS System|publisher = NASA JPL
|accessdate = 2007-08-08}} — At the site, go to the "web interface" then select "Ephemeris Type: ELEMENTS", "Target Body: Uranus Barycenter" and "Center: Sun".</ref>{{Ref_label|A|a|none}}
| epoch = [[J2000]]
| aphelion = 3,004,419,704&nbsp;[[kilometer|km]]<br />20.083&nbsp;305&nbsp;26&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 2,748,938,461&nbsp;km<br />18.375&nbsp;518&nbsp;63 AU
| semimajor = 2,876,679,082&nbsp;km<br />19.229&nbsp;411&nbsp;95 AU
| eccentricity = 0.044&nbsp;405&nbsp;586
| period = 30,799.095&nbsp;[[day]]s<br />84.323&nbsp;326 [[julian year (astronomy)|yr]]<br />42,718 Uranus [[solar day]]s<ref name="planet_years">{{cite web|url = http://cseligman.com/text/sky/rotationvsday.htm|title = Rotation Period and Day Length|last = Seligman |first = Courtney|accessdate = 2009-08-13}}</ref>
| synodic_period = 369.66&nbsp;days<ref name="fact">{{cite web|url = http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uranusfact.html|title = Uranus Fact Sheet|publisher = NASA|last = Williams|first = Dr. David R.|accessdate = 2007-08-10|date = January 31, 2005}}</ref>
| avg_speed = 6.81&nbsp;km/s<ref name="fact"/>
| inclination = 0.772&nbsp;556° to [[Ecliptic]]<br />6.48° to [[Sun]]'s equator<br />1.02° to [[Invariable plane]]<ref name=meanplane>{{cite web
|date=2009-04-03
|title=The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter
|url=http://home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif
|accessdate=2009-04-10}} (produced with [http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ Solex 10] written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also [[Invariable plane]])</ref>
| asc_node = 73.989&nbsp;821°
| arg_peri = 96.541&nbsp;318°
| mean_anomaly = 142.955&nbsp;717°
| satellites = [[Uranus' natural satellites|27]]
| physical_characteristics = yes
| flattening = 0.022&nbsp;9&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.000&nbsp;8{{Ref_label|B|b|none}}
| equatorial_radius = 25,559&nbsp;±&nbsp;4&nbsp;km<br />4.007&nbsp;Earths<ref name=Seidelmann2007/>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}
| polar_radius = 24,973&nbsp;±&nbsp;20&nbsp;km<br />3.929&nbsp;Earths<ref name=Seidelmann2007/>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}
| circumference = 156,909.98 km{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}}
| surface_area = 8.115&nbsp;6{{e|9}}&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup><ref name="nasafact">{{cite web|url = http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Uranus&Display=Facts|title = NASA: Solar System Exploration: Planets: Uranus: Facts & Figures|publisher = NASA|last = Munsell|first = Kirk|accessdate = 2007-08-13|date = May 14, 2007}}</ref>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}<br />15.91&nbsp;Earths
| volume = 6.833{{e|13}}&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup><ref name="fact"/>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}<br />63.086&nbsp;Earths
| mass = {{nowrap|(8.6810 ± 0.0013){{e|25}} [[kilogram|kg]]}}<br />14.536&nbsp;Earths<ref name=Jacobson1992/><br />
[[standard gravitational parameter|GM]]=5&nbsp;793&nbsp;939&nbsp;±&nbsp;13&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>/s<sup>2</sup>
| density = 1.27&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=fact/>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}
| surface_grav = 8.69&nbsp;[[Acceleration|m/s<sup>2</sup>]]<ref name=fact/>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}<br />0.886&nbsp;[[g-force|g]]
| escape_velocity = 21.3&nbsp;km/s<ref name=fact/>{{Ref_label|C|c|none}}
| sidereal_day = [[retrograde motion|–]]0.718&nbsp;33 day<br />{{nowrap|17 [[hour|h]] 14 [[minute|min]] 24 [[second|s]]}}<ref name=Seidelmann2007/>
| rot_velocity = 2.59&nbsp;km/s<br />9,320&nbsp;km/h
| axial_tilt = 97.77°<ref name=Seidelmann2007/>
| right_asc_north_pole = {{nowrap|17 h 9 min 15 s}}<br />257.311°<ref name=Seidelmann2007/>
| declination = –15.175°<ref name=Seidelmann2007/>
| albedo = 0.300 ([[Bond albedo|Bond]])<br />
0.51 ([[Geometric albedo|geom.]])<ref name="fact"/>
| magnitude = 5.9<ref name=ephemeris/> to 5.32<ref name="fact"/>
| angular_size = 3.3"–4.1"<ref name="fact"/>
| temperatures = yes
| temp_name1 = 1&nbsp;[[bar (unit)|bar]] level<ref name=Podolak1995/>
| min_temp_1 =
| mean_temp_1 = 76&nbsp;[[kelvin|K]]
| max_temp_1 =
| temp_name2 = 0.1&nbsp;bar <br />([[tropopause]])<ref name=Lunine1993/>
| min_temp_2 = 49&nbsp;K
| mean_temp_2 = 53&nbsp;K
| max_temp_2 = 57&nbsp;K
| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|uranus.ogg|ˈ|jʊər|ən|ə|s}} or {{IPAc-en|en-us-Uranus.ogg|j|ʊ|ˈ|r|eɪ|n|ə|s}}<ref name=OED/><ref name="BBCOUP" />
| adjectives = Uranian
| atmosphere = yes
| atmosphere_ref =
<ref name=Lunine1993/><ref name=Lindal1987/><ref name=Conrath1987/>{{Ref_label|D|d|none}}
| scale_height = 27.7&nbsp;km<ref name="fact"/>
| atmosphere_composition = ''(Below 1.3&nbsp;bar)''
<table>
<tr><td>
83&nbsp;±&nbsp;3%</td><td>[[Hydrogen]] (H<sub>2</sub>)
</td></tr><tr><td>
15&nbsp;±&nbsp;3%</td><td>[[Helium]]
</td></tr><tr><td>
2.3%</td><td>[[Methane]]</td></tr><tr><td>
0.009%<br />(0.007–0.015%)</td><td>[[Hydrogen deuteride]]&nbsp;(HD)<ref name=Feuchtgruber1999>{{cite journal|last=Feuchtgruber|first=H.|coauthors=Lellouch, E.; B. Bezard; et al.|title=Detection of HD in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune: a new determination of the D/H ratio|year=1999|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=341|pages=L17–L21|bibcode=1999A&A...341L..17F}}</ref>
</td></tr><tr><td>
'''Ices''':</td><td>
</td></tr><tr><td>
</td><td>[[Ammonia]]
</td></tr><tr><td>
</td><td>[[water (molecule)|water]]
</td></tr><tr><td>
</td><td>[[ammonium hydrosulfide]]&nbsp;(NH<sub>4</sub>SH)
</td></tr><tr><td>
</td><td>[[methane]]&nbsp;(CH<sub>4</sub>)
</td></tr></table>
}}
[[File:Uranus rings and moons.jpg|thumb|250px|अरुण र यसका चन्द्रमाहरू]]
[[File:Uranus rings and moons.jpg|thumb|250px|अरुण र यसका चन्द्रमाहरू]]



१६:२०, १ अप्रिल २०११ जस्तै गरी पुनरावलोकन

Uranus Astronomical symbol of Uranus
Uranus as seen by Voyager 2
Uranus presented a nearly featureless disk to Voyager 2
आविष्कार
आविष्कारकWilliam Herschel
आविष्कार भएको मितिMarch 13, 1781
विवरण
उच्चारण/[invalid input: 'uranus.ogg']ˈjʊərənəs/ or /[invalid input: 'en-us-Uranus.ogg']jʊˈrnəs/[१][२]
विशेषणUranian
कक्षपथको विशेषताहरू[६][a]
युग J2000
अपसूर3,004,419,704 km
20.083 305 26 AU
अनुसूर2,748,938,461 km
18.375 518 63 AU
अर्ध-मुख्य अक्ष2,876,679,082 km
19.229 411 95 AU
विलक्षणता0.044 405 586
कक्षीय अवधि30,799.095 days
84.323 326 yr
42,718 Uranus solar days[३]
युटिकाला369.66 days[४]
औसत कक्षीय गति6.81 km/s[४]
औसत गति142.955 717°
झुकाव0.772 556° to Ecliptic
6.48° to Sun's equator
1.02° to Invariable plane[५]
उदविन्दुरको देशान्तर73.989 821°
अनुसूरको सिद्धान्त96.541 318°
उपग्रहहरू27
भौतिक विशेषताहरू
भूमध्यरेखीय अर्धव्यास25,559 ± 4 km
4.007 Earths[७][c]
ध्रुव अर्धव्यास24,973 ± 20 km
3.929 Earths[७][c]
समरुपताको0.022 9 ± 0.000 8[b]
परिधि156,909.98 km[स्रोत नखुलेको]
सतहको क्षेत्रफल8.115 6×१० km2[८][c]
15.91 Earths
आयतन6.833×१०१३ km3[४][c]
63.086 Earths
द्रव्यमान(8.6810 ± 0.0013)×१०२५ kg
14.536 Earths[९]
GM=5 793 939 ± 13 km3/s2
औसत घनत्व1.27 g/cm3[४][c]
भूमध्यरेखीय सतहको गुरुत्वाकर्षण8.69 m/s2[४][c]
0.886 g
रिहाइ वेग21.3 km/s[४][c]
नाक्षचित्र घृर्णनकाल0.718 33 day
17 h 14 min 24 s[७]
भूमध्यरेखीय आञ्चलिक घृर्णन वेग2.59 km/s
9,320 km/h
अक्षीय ढाल97.77°[७]
उत्तर ध्रुवीय विषुबलम्ब17 h 9 min 15 s
257.311°[७]
उत्तर ध्रुवीय विषुबलम्ब–15.175°[७]
प्रतिफलन अनुपात0.300 (Bond)
0.51 (geom.)[४]
सहतको तापक्रम न्यून मध्यक सर्वोच्च
bar level[११] 76 K
0.1 bar
(tropopause)[१२]
49 K 53 K 57 K
आपात मान5.9[१०] to 5.32[४]
कौणिक व्यास3.3"–4.1"[४]
वायुमण्डल[१२][१४][१५][d]
स्केल उच्चता27.7 km[४]
गठन(Below 1.3 bar)
83 ± 3%Hydrogen (H2)
15 ± 3%Helium
2.3%Methane
0.009%
(0.007–0.015%)
Hydrogen deuteride (HD)[१३]
Ices:
Ammonia
water
ammonium hydrosulfide (NH4SH)
methane (CH4)
अरुण र यसका चन्द्रमाहरू

अरुण सौर्यमण्डलको सूर्यबाट सातौं ग्रह हो। ग्याँस पिण्ड हो । यो सौर्यपरिवारमा तेश्रो ठुलो ग्रह हो । यसको २७वटा उपग्रहहरू छन् । जसमध्ये Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, TitaniaOberon मुख्य पॉच उपग्रहहरू हुन् । यो ग्रह आफ्नो अक्षमा धेरै ढल्केको हुनाले ध्रुवीय दृष्टीकोणले तेर्सो परेको छ ।

See also

  1. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named OED
  2. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named BBCOUP
  3. Seligman, Courtney, "Rotation Period and Day Length", अन्तिम पहुँच २००९-०८-१३ 
  4. ४.०० ४.०१ ४.०२ ४.०३ ४.०४ ४.०५ ४.०६ ४.०७ ४.०८ ४.०९ Williams, Dr. David R. (जनवरी ३१, २००५), "Uranus Fact Sheet", NASA, अन्तिम पहुँच २००७-०८-१० 
  5. "The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter", २००९-०४-०३, अन्तिम पहुँच २००९-०४-१०  (produced with Solex 10 written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also Invariable plane)
  6. Yeomans, Donald K. (जुलाई १३, २००६), "HORIZONS System", NASA JPL, अन्तिम पहुँच २००७-०८-०८  — At the site, go to the "web interface" then select "Ephemeris Type: ELEMENTS", "Target Body: Uranus Barycenter" and "Center: Sun".
  7. ७.० ७.१ ७.२ ७.३ ७.४ ७.५ उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Seidelmann2007
  8. Munsell, Kirk (मे १४, २००७), "NASA: Solar System Exploration: Planets: Uranus: Facts & Figures", NASA, अन्तिम पहुँच २००७-०८-१३ 
  9. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Jacobson1992
  10. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ephemeris
  11. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Podolak1995
  12. १२.० १२.१ उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lunine1993
  13. Feuchtgruber, H.; Lellouch, E.; B. Bezard; et al. (१९९९), "Detection of HD in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune: a new determination of the D/H ratio", Astronomy and Astrophysics 341: L17–L21, बिबकोड:1999A&A...341L..17F  |coauthors= प्यारामिटर ग्रहण गरेन (सहायता)
  14. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lindal1987
  15. उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Conrath1987