स्नायु शल्यक्रिया

Insertion of electrode during parkinson surgery.

Neurosurgery is the surgical discipline focused on treating those central र peripheral nervous system diseases amenable to mechanical intervention.

परिभाषा र क्षेत्र

According to the U.S. Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME),

Neurological Surgery is a discipline of medicine र that specialty of surgery which provides the operative र nonoperative management (ie, prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, critical care, र rehabilitation) of disorders of the central, peripheral, र autonomic nervous systems, including their supporting structures र vascular supply; the evaluation र treatment of pathological processes that modify the function or activity of the nervous system, including the hypophysis: र the operative र nonoperative management of pain. As such, neurological surgery encompasses the surgical, nonsurgical र stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of adult र pediatric patients with disorders of the nervous system: disorders of the brain, meninges, skull base, र their blood supply, including the surgical र endovascular treatment of disorders of the intracranial र extracranial vasculature supplying the brain र spinal cord; disorders of the pituitary gland; disorders of the spinal cord, meninges, र vertebral column, including those that may require treatment by fusion, instrumentation,or endovascular techniques; र disorders of the cranial र spinal nerves throughout their distribution.

तालिम

Old German engraving depicting a trepanation, an ancient र still performed neurosurgical procedure

In the U.S., neurosurgeons undergo a rigorous training program, known as a residency, consisting of 5–7 years of postgraduate study in neurosurgery (following a mandatory one-year surgery internship). After completing their residency training, some neurosurgeons undertake advanced subspecialty training in programs known as fellowships which are typically one or two years in duration. Some examples of subspecialty areas in neurosurgery include cerebrovascular र skull base surgery, epilepsy, functional र stereotactic neurosurgery, neurosurgery trauma, spine surgery, र pediatric neurosurgery. Admission into advanced fellowship training programs is extremely competitive.

In the United Kingdom र Ireland, competition is fierce for the senior house officer र specialist registrar posts leading up to a consultant qualification.

अबस्थाहरु

Neurosurgical conditions include primarily brain, spinal cord र peripheral nerve disorders.

Conditions treated by neurosurgeons include:

• Spinal disc herniation
• Spinal stenosis
• Hydrocephalus
• Head trauma (brain hemorrhages, skull fractures, etc.)
• Spinal cord trauma
• Traumatic injuries of peripheral nerves
• Brain tumors
• Tumors of the spine, spinal cord र peripheral nerves
• Cerebral aneurysms
• Some forms of hemorrhagic stroke, such as subarachnoid hemorrhages, as well as intraparenchymal र intraventricular hemorrhages
• Some forms of pharmacologically resistant epilepsy
• Some forms of movement disorders (advanced Parkinson's disease, chorea, hemiballism) - this involves the use of specially developed minimally invasive stereotactic techniques (functional, stereotactic neurosurgery)
• Intractable pain of cancer or trauma patients र cranial/peripheral nerve pain
• Some forms of intractable psychiatric disorders
• Malformations of the nervous system

वह्य सेतु

• British Journal of Neurosurgery
• Congress of Neurological Surgeons
• American Association of Neurologic Surgeons
• American Board of Neurological Surgery
• Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
• Brain Surgery-Neurosurgery Patient Help Site
• European Association of Neurosurgical Societies
• Neurology Society of India
• University of Florida Department of Neurosurgery
• Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Neurosurgery