"चेकोस्लोभाकिया" का संशोधनहरू बिचको अन्तर
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सा रोबोट ले थप्दै {{Commonscat|Czechoslovakia}} |
सा नेपाली सङ्ख्या कायम गर्दै |
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पङ्क्ति ९४: | पङ्क्ति ९४: | ||
== अन्य == |
== अन्य == |
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*Heimann, Mary. ''Czechoslovakia: The State That Failed'' ( |
*Heimann, Mary. ''Czechoslovakia: The State That Failed'' (२००९). the best scholarly history in English, but with a negative tone stressing maltreatment of minorities. |
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*Hermann, A. H. ''A History of the Czechs'' ( |
*Hermann, A. H. ''A History of the Czechs'' (१९७५) |
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*Kalvoda, Josef. ''The Genesis of Czechoslovakia'' ( |
*Kalvoda, Josef. ''The Genesis of Czechoslovakia'' (१९८६) |
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*Leff, Carol Skalnick. ''National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, |
*Leff, Carol Skalnick. ''National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, १९१८-८७'' (१९८८) |
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*Mantey, Victor. ''A History of the Czechoslovak Republic'' ( |
*Mantey, Victor. ''A History of the Czechoslovak Republic'' (१९७३) |
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*Myant, Martin. ''The Czechoslovak Economy, |
*Myant, Martin. ''The Czechoslovak Economy, १९४८-८८'' (१९८९) |
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*Naimark, Norman, and Leonid Gibianskii, eds. ''The Establishment of Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe, |
*Naimark, Norman, and Leonid Gibianskii, eds. ''The Establishment of Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe, १९४४-१९४९'' (१९९७) [http://www.questia.com/library/book/the-establishment-of-communist-regimes-in-eastern-europe-1944-1949-by-leonid-gibianskii-norman-naimark.jsp online edition] |
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*Paul, David. 'Czechoslovakia: Profile of a Socialist Republic at the Crossroads of Europe'' ( |
*Paul, David. 'Czechoslovakia: Profile of a Socialist Republic at the Crossroads of Europe'' (१९९०) |
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*Renner, Hans. ''A History of Czechoslovakia since |
*Renner, Hans. ''A History of Czechoslovakia since १९४५'' (१९८९) |
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*Seton-Watson, R. W. ''A History of the Czechs and Slovaks'' ( |
*Seton-Watson, R. W. ''A History of the Czechs and Slovaks'' (१९४३) |
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*Stone, Norman, and E. Strouhal, eds.''Czechoslovakia: Crossroads and Crises, |
*Stone, Norman, and E. Strouhal, eds.''Czechoslovakia: Crossroads and Crises, १९१८-८८'' (१९८९) |
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*Wheaton, Bernard; Zdenek Kavav. "The Velvet Revolution: Czechoslovakia, |
*Wheaton, Bernard; Zdenek Kavav. "The Velvet Revolution: Czechoslovakia, १९८८-१९९१". (१९९२) |
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*Williams, Kieran, 'Civil Resistance in Czechoslovakia: From Soviet Invasion to "Velvet Revolution", |
*Williams, Kieran, 'Civil Resistance in Czechoslovakia: From Soviet Invasion to "Velvet Revolution", १९६८-८९', in [[Adam Roberts (scholar)|Adam Roberts]] and [[Timothy Garton Ash]] (eds.), ''Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present'' (Oxford University Press, २००९) |
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*Windsor, Philip, and Adam Roberts, ''Czechoslovakia |
*Windsor, Philip, and Adam Roberts, ''Czechoslovakia १९६८: Reform, Repression and Resistance.'' (१९६९) |
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*Wolchik, Sharon L. ''Czechoslovakia: Politics, Society, and Economics'' ( |
*Wolchik, Sharon L. ''Czechoslovakia: Politics, Society, and Economics'' (१९९०) |
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*[http://www.questia.com/library/history/european-history/eastern-europe/czechoslovakian-history.jsp online books and articles] |
*[http://www.questia.com/library/history/european-history/eastern-europe/czechoslovakian-history.jsp online books and articles] |
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== बाहिरी लिङ्कहरू == |
== बाहिरी लिङ्कहरू == |
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*[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cstoc.html U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies, "Czechoslovakia"] in public domain |
*[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cstoc.html U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies, "Czechoslovakia"] in public domain |
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*[http://www.lib.umich.edu/spec-coll/czech/ Soviet Invasion of |
*[http://www.lib.umich.edu/spec-coll/czech/ Soviet Invasion of १९६८]{{dead link|date=March 2011}} |
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{{commons category|Czechoslovakia}} |
{{commons category|Czechoslovakia}} |
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*[http://www.vyznamenani.net/main.htm Orders and Medals of Czechoslovakia including Order of the White Lion] (''in English and Czech'') |
*[http://www.vyznamenani.net/main.htm Orders and Medals of Czechoslovakia including Order of the White Lion] (''in English and Czech'') |
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*[http://web.archive.org/web/20080529004043/http://www.czech.cz/en/czech-republic/history/all-about-czech-history/the-first-czechoslovak-republic/ Czechoslovakia]-The First Czechoslovak Republic |
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20080529004043/http://www.czech.cz/en/czech-republic/history/all-about-czech-history/the-first-czechoslovak-republic/ Czechoslovakia]-The First Czechoslovak Republic |
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*[[Yuri Andropov|Andropov]] to the Central Committee, about the Demonstration in Red Square Against the Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia, |
*[[Yuri Andropov|Andropov]] to the Central Committee, about the Demonstration in Red Square Against the Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia, २० September १९६८. [[Andrei Sakharov]] [[KGB]] file, Archieve posted at the [[Yale University]], http://www.yale.edu/annals/sakharov/documents_frames/Sakharov_008.htm |
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*[http://terkepek.adatbank.transindex.ro/kepek/netre/163.gif Hungarian Language Map], border changes after the creation of Czechoslovakia |
*[http://terkepek.adatbank.transindex.ro/kepek/netre/163.gif Hungarian Language Map], border changes after the creation of Czechoslovakia |
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*[http://terkepek.adatbank.transindex.ro/kepek/netre/166.gif Map] |
*[http://terkepek.adatbank.transindex.ro/kepek/netre/166.gif Map] |
१८:४६, ८ डिसेम्बर २०१४ जस्तै गरी पुनरावलोकन
चेकोस्लोभाकिया Československo, Česko‑Slovensko | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
१९१८–१९९२ | |||||||||||||||
आदर्श वाक्य: चेक: Pravda vítězí ("Truth prevails"; 1918–1990) ढाँचा:Lang-sk ("Truth prevails"; 1918–1990) रोमन: Veritas vincit ("Truth prevails"; 1990–1992) | |||||||||||||||
राष्ट्रिय गान: Kde domov můj and Nad Tatrou sa blýska (first verses only) | |||||||||||||||
राजधानी | प्राग (Praha) | ||||||||||||||
आम भाषाहरू | चेक र स्लोभाक | ||||||||||||||
सरकार | गणातन्त्र | ||||||||||||||
President | |||||||||||||||
• 1918–1935 | Tomáš G. Masaryk (first) | ||||||||||||||
• 1989–1992 | Václav Havel (last) | ||||||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||||||
• 1918–1919 | Karel Kramář | ||||||||||||||
• 1992 | Jan Stráský | ||||||||||||||
इतिहास | |||||||||||||||
• स्वतन्त्र | २८ अक्टोबर १९१८ | ||||||||||||||
1939 | |||||||||||||||
• Liberation | 1945 | ||||||||||||||
३१ डिसेम्बर १९९२ | |||||||||||||||
क्षेत्रफल | |||||||||||||||
1921 | १,४०,४४६ किमी२ (५४,२२७ वर्ग माइल) | ||||||||||||||
1993 | १,२७,९०० किमी२ (४९,४०० वर्ग माइल) | ||||||||||||||
जनसङ्ख्या | |||||||||||||||
• 1921 | 13607385 | ||||||||||||||
• 1993 | 15600000 | ||||||||||||||
मुद्रा | Czechoslovak koruna | ||||||||||||||
टेलिफोन कोड | 42 | ||||||||||||||
इन्टरनेट डोमेन | .cs | ||||||||||||||
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Current ISO 3166-3 code: CSHH The calling code 42 was retired in Winter 1997. The number range was subdivided, and re-allocated amongst Czech Republic, Slovakia and Liechtenstein. |
चेकोस्लोभाकिया वा चेको-स्लोभाकिया[१] (चेक र स्लोभाक: Československo, Česko-Slovensko[२]) मध्य युरोपमा अवस्थित सोभियत राज्य हो ।
आधारभुत कुराहरू
इतिहास
सन्दर्भ सामाग्री
स्रोत
नोटहरू
अन्य
- Heimann, Mary. Czechoslovakia: The State That Failed (२००९). the best scholarly history in English, but with a negative tone stressing maltreatment of minorities.
- Hermann, A. H. A History of the Czechs (१९७५)
- Kalvoda, Josef. The Genesis of Czechoslovakia (१९८६)
- Leff, Carol Skalnick. National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, १९१८-८७ (१९८८)
- Mantey, Victor. A History of the Czechoslovak Republic (१९७३)
- Myant, Martin. The Czechoslovak Economy, १९४८-८८ (१९८९)
- Naimark, Norman, and Leonid Gibianskii, eds. The Establishment of Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe, १९४४-१९४९ (१९९७) online edition
- Paul, David. 'Czechoslovakia: Profile of a Socialist Republic at the Crossroads of Europe (१९९०)
- Renner, Hans. A History of Czechoslovakia since १९४५ (१९८९)
- Seton-Watson, R. W. A History of the Czechs and Slovaks (१९४३)
- Stone, Norman, and E. Strouhal, eds.Czechoslovakia: Crossroads and Crises, १९१८-८८ (१९८९)
- Wheaton, Bernard; Zdenek Kavav. "The Velvet Revolution: Czechoslovakia, १९८८-१९९१". (१९९२)
- Williams, Kieran, 'Civil Resistance in Czechoslovakia: From Soviet Invasion to "Velvet Revolution", १९६८-८९', in Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash (eds.), Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present (Oxford University Press, २००९)
- Windsor, Philip, and Adam Roberts, Czechoslovakia १९६८: Reform, Repression and Resistance. (१९६९)
- Wolchik, Sharon L. Czechoslovakia: Politics, Society, and Economics (१९९०)
- online books and articles
बाहिरी लिङ्कहरू
- U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies, "Czechoslovakia" in public domain
- Soviet Invasion of १९६८[dead link]
विकिमिडिया कमन्समा चेकोस्लोभाकिया सम्बन्धी अन्य सामग्रीहरू रहेका छन्।
- Orders and Medals of Czechoslovakia including Order of the White Lion (in English and Czech)
- Czechoslovakia-The First Czechoslovak Republic
- Andropov to the Central Committee, about the Demonstration in Red Square Against the Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia, २० September १९६८. Andrei Sakharov KGB file, Archieve posted at the Yale University, http://www.yale.edu/annals/sakharov/documents_frames/Sakharov_008.htm
- Hungarian Language Map, border changes after the creation of Czechoslovakia
- Map
- Map
विकिमिडिया कमन्समा चेकोस्लोभाकिया सम्बन्धी अन्य सामग्रीहरू रहेका छन्।