ढाँचा:Physical constants

ढाँचा कागजात[हेर्नुहोस्] [सम्पादन गर्नुहोस्] [इतिहास] [ताजा गर्नुहोस्]

This template provides easy inclusion of recent values of physical constants in articles. Presently, it returns CODATA 2018 recommended values, but the template will be updated when more recent values become available. This includes the 2019 redefinition of SI base units, which made the values of several constants exact (e.g. e), whereas some previously exactly defined constants acquired an uncertainty (e.g. μ₀).

Usage

Arguments

symbol

If set to yes, the value is preceded by the symbol of the constant, followed by ≈ or = depending on whether or not round is set.

round

If omitted, the value is shown along with its standard uncertainty. If set to an integer n, the value is rounded to the first n digits after the decimal point (retaining trailing zeros).

unit

If set to no, the unit of measurement is not shown.

ref

If set to no, no reference is given. If set to only, only the reference is given.

after

Text (e.g. punctuation) to be shown after the constant before the reference.

runc

If set to yes, this will provide only the relative standard uncertainty of the value and its reference.

Available constants

Code	Constant	Value	Relative standard uncertainty
a0	Bohr radius	a0 = ५.२९१७७२१०९०३(८०)×१०−११मी	ur(a0) = १.५×१०−१०
alpha	fine-structure constant	α = ७.२९७३५२५६९३(११)×१०−३	ur(α) = १.५×१०−१०
A90	conventional ampere	A90 = १.०००००००८८८७...A	ur(A90) = ०
atm	standard atmosphere	atm = १०१३२५Pa	ur(atm) = ०
bwien	Wien wavelength displacement law constant	b = २.८९७७७१९५५...×१०−३m⋅K	ur(b) = ०
bwien'	Wien frequency displacement law constant	b′ = ५.८७८९२५७५७...×१०१०Hz⋅K−1	ur(b′) = ०
c	speed of light	c = २९९७९२४५८m/s	ur(c) = ०
c1	first radiation constant	c1 = ३.७४१७७१८५२...×१०−१६W⋅m2	ur(c1) = ०
c1L	first radiation constant for spectral radiance	c1L = १.१९१०४२९७२...×१०−१६W⋅m2⋅sr−1	ur(c1L) = ०
c2	second radiation constant	c2 = १.४३८७७६८७७...×१०−२m⋅K	ur(c2) = ०
C90	conventional coulomb	C90 = १.०००००००८८८७...C	ur(C90) = ०
DnuCs	hyperfine structure transition frequency of caesium-133	Δν(133Cs)hfs = ९१९२६३१७७०Hz	ur(Δν(133Cs)hfs) = ०
e	elementary charge	e = १.६०२१७६६३४×१०−१९C	ur(e) = ०
Eh	Hartree energy	Eh = ४.३५९७४४७२२२०७१(८५)×१०−१८J	ur(Eh) = १.९×१०−१२
EheV	Hartree energy in eV	Eh = २७.२११३८६२४५९८८(५३)eV	ur(Eh) = १.९×१०−१२
eps0	vacuum electric permittivity	ε0 = ८.८५४१८७८१२८(१३)×१०−१२F⋅m−1	ur(ε0) = १.५×१०−१०
eV	electronvolt	eV = १.६०२१७६६३४×१०−१९J	ur(eV) = ०
F	Faraday constant	F = ९६४८५.३३२१२...C⋅mol−1	ur(F) = ०
F90	conventional farad	F90 = ०.९९९९९९९८२२०...F	ur(F90) = ०
G	gravitational constant	G = ६.६७४३०(१५)×१०−११m3⋅kg−1⋅s−2	ur(G) = २.२×१०−५
G0	conductance quantum	G0 = ७.७४८०९१७२९...×१०−५S	ur(G0) = ०
g0	standard acceleration of gravity	g0 = ९.८०६६५m⋅s−2	ur(g0) = ०
ge	electron g-factor	ge =	ur(ge) = १.७×१०−१३
GF/hbarc3	Fermi coupling constant	GF/ħc3 = १.१६६३७८७(६)×१०−५GeV−2	ur(GF/ħc3) = ५.१×१०−७
gmu	muon g-factor	gμ = −२.००२३३१८४१८(१३)	ur(gμ) = ६.३×१०−१०
gp	proton g-factor	gp = ५.५८५६९४६८९३(१६)	ur(gp) = २.९×१०−१०
h	Planck constant	h = ६.६२६०७०१५×१०−३४J⋅s	ur(h) = ०
H90	conventional henry	H90 = १.०००००००१७७९...H	ur(H90) = ०
hbar	reduced Planck constant	ħ = १.०५४५७१८१७...×१०−३४J⋅s	ur(ħ) = ०
h/2me	quantum of circulation	h/2me = ३.६३६९४७५५१६(११)×१०−४m2⋅s−1	ur(h/2me) = ३.०×१०−१०
invalpha	inverse fine-structure constant	1/α = १३७.०३५९९९०८४(२१)	ur(1/α) = १.५×१०−१०
invG0	inverse conductance quantum	G0−1 = १२९०६.४०३७२...Ω	ur(G0−1) = ०
k	Boltzmann constant	k = १.३८०६४९×१०−२३J⋅K−1	ur(k) = ०
KJ	Josephson constant	KJ = ४८३५९७.८४८४...×१०९Hz⋅V−1	ur(KJ) = ०
KJ90	conventional value of Josephson constant	KJ-90 = ४८३५९७.९×१०९Hz⋅V−1	ur(KJ-90) = ०
lP	Planck length	lP = १.६१६२५५(१८)×१०−३५मी	ur(lP) = १.१×१०−५
MC12	molar mass of carbon-12	M(12C) = ११.९९९९९९९९५८(३६)×१०−३kg⋅mol−1	ur(M(12C)) = ३.०×१०−१०
me	electron mass	me = ९.१०९३८३७०१५(२८)×१०−३१किलोग्राम	ur(me) = ३.०×१०−१०
mmu	muon mass	mμ = १.८८३५३१६२७(४२)×१०−२८किलोग्राम	ur(mμ) = २.२×१०−८
mn	neutron mass	mn = १.६७४९२७४९८०४(९५)×१०−२७किलोग्राम	ur(mn) = ५.७×१०−१०
mnDa	neutron mass in daltons	mn = १.००८६६४९१५९५(४९)Da	ur(mn) = ३.८×१०−१०
mP	Planck mass	mP = २.१७६४३५(२४)×१०−८किलोग्राम	ur(mP) = १.१×१०−५
mp	proton mass	mp = १.६७२६२१९२३६९(५१)×१०−२७किलोग्राम	ur(mp) = ३.१×१०−१०
mpome	proton-to-electron mass ratio	mp/me = १८३६.१५२६७३४३(११)	ur(mp/me) = ६.०×१०−११
mtau	tau mass	mτ = ३.१६७५४(२१)×१०−२७किलोग्राम	ur(mτ) = ६.८×१०−५
Mu	molar mass constant	Mu = ०.९९९९९९९९९६५(३०)×१०−३kg⋅mol−1	ur(Mu) = ३.०×१०−१०
mu	atomic mass constant	mu = १.६६०५३९०६६६०(५०)×१०−२७किलोग्राम	ur(mu) = ३.०×१०−१०
muc2	atomic mass constant energy equivalent	muc2 = १.४९२४१८०८५६०(४५)×१०−१०J	ur(muc2) = ३.०×१०−१०
mueV	atomic mass constant energy equivalent in MeV	muc2 = ९३१.४९४१०२४२(२८)MeV	ur(muc2) = ३.०×१०−१०
mu0	vacuum magnetic permeability	μ0 = १.२५६६३७०६२१२(१९)×१०−६N⋅A−2	ur(μ0) = १.५×१०−१०
muB	Bohr magneton	μB = ९.२७४०१००७८३(२८)×१०−२४J⋅T−1	ur(μB) = ३.०×१०−१०
muN	nuclear magneton	μN = ५.०५०७८३७४६१(१५)×१०−२७J⋅T−1	ur(μN) = ३.१×१०−१०
NA	Avogadro constant	NA = ६.०२२१४०७६×१०२३mol−1	ur(NA) = ०
NAh	molar Planck constant	NAh = ३.९९०३१२७१२...×१०−१०J⋅Hz−1⋅mol−1	ur(NAh) = ०
ohm90	conventional ohm	Ω90 = १.०००००००१७७९...Ω	ur(Ω90) = ०
Phi0	magnetic flux quantum	Φ0 = २.०६७८३३८४८...×१०−१५Wb	ur(Φ0) = ०
R	gas constant	R = ८.३१४४६२६१८...J⋅mol−1⋅K−1	ur(R) = ०
re	classical electron radius	re = २.८१७९४०३२६२(१३)×१०−१५मी	ur(re) = ४.५×१०−१०
Rinf	Rydberg constant	R∞ = १०९७३७३१.५६८१६०(२१)m−1	ur(R∞) = १.९×१०−१२
RK	von Klitzing constant	RK = २५८१२.८०७४५...Ω	ur(RK) = ०
RK90	conventional value of von Klitzing constant	RK-90 = २५८१२.८०७Ω	ur(RK-90) = ०
sigma	Stefan–Boltzmann constant	σ = ५.६७०३७४४१९...×१०−८W⋅m−2⋅K−4	ur(σ) = ०
sigmae	Thomson cross section	σe = ६.६५२४५८७३२१(६०)×१०−२९m2	ur(σe) = ९.१×१०−१०
TP	Planck temperature	TP = १.४१६७८५(१६)×१०३२K	ur(TP) = १.१×१०−५
tP	Planck time	tP = ५.३९१२४५(६०)×१०−४४s	ur(tP) = १.१×१०−५
V90	conventional volt	V90 = १.००००००१०६६६...V	ur(V90) = ०
VmSi	molar volume of silicon	Vm(Si) = १.२०५८८३१९९(६०)×१०−५m3⋅mol−1	ur(Vm(Si)) = ४.९×१०−८
W90	conventional watt	W90 = १.००००००१९५५३...W	ur(W90) = ०
Z0	characteristic impedance of vacuum	Z0 = ३७६.७३०३१३६६७(५७)Ω	ur(Z0) = १.५×१०−१०

Examples

{{Physical constants|c|unit=no|after= [[metre per second|metres per second]].}}

२९९७९२४५८ metres per second.

{{Physical constants|mu0|symbol=yes}}

μ₀ = १.२५६६३७०६२१२(१९)×१०^−६N⋅A⁻²

{{Physical constants|G|symbol=yes}}

G = ६.६७४३०(१५)×१०^−११m³⋅kg⁻¹⋅s⁻²

{{Physical constants|hbar|round=2|symbol=yes}}

ħ ≈ १.०५×१०^−३४J⋅s

The relative standard uncertainty of ''m''<sub>u</sub> is {{Physical constants|mu|runc=yes|after=.}}

The relative standard uncertainty of m_u is ३.०×१०^−१०.

For the electron mass, {{Physical constants|me|runc=yes|symbol=yes|ref=no}}.

For the electron mass, u_r(m_e) = ३.०×१०^−१०.

NIST publishes the CODATA value of the [[elementary charge]].{{Physical constants|e|ref=only}}

NIST publishes the CODATA value of the elementary charge.

See also

{{CODATA2010}}

References

माथिको कागजात ढाँचा:Physical constants/कागजातबाट समावेश गरिएको छ। (सम्पादन गर्नुहोस् | इतिहास)
सम्पादकहरूले यस ढाँचाको प्रयोगस्थल (सिर्जना गर्नुहोस् | नक्कल गर्नुहोस्) र परीक्षण (सिर्जना गर्नुहोस्) पृष्ठहरूमा प्रयोग गर्न सक्छन्।
/कागजात उपपृष्ठमा श्रेणीहरू थप्नुहोस्। यस ढाँचाका उपपृष्ठहरू।