कम्प्युटर विज्ञान

कम्प्युटर विज्ञान गणित, विज्ञान र समस्या समाधान गर्ने खुबीको प्रयोग गरेर कम्प्युटरको निर्माण र प्रयोग संबन्धी अध्ययन हो। यसले गर्दा विश्व हाम्रो सामु सानो भएको छ। कम्प्युटर विज्ञान बिसौँ शताब्दीको अन्त्य तिर मात्र छुट्टिएको हो र यसले कार्य सम्पादनमा आफ्नै तरिका अपनायो अनि आफ्नै शाब्दिक व्याख्या पनि। यसका जराहरू इलेक्ट्रिक इन्जिनियरिङ्ग, गणित र भाषा विज्ञानमा रहेका छन्।तपाईँले यसलाई विज्ञान, इन्जिनियरिङ्ग र कलाको सम्मिश्रणको रूपमा लिन सक्नुहुन्छ।

कम्प्युटर विज्ञनले साध्यात्मक गणितीय आदर्शमा रहेर कम्प्युटरका अवयवहरूको अध्ययन गर्दछ , कम्प्युटर इन्जिनियरिङ्गले वा स्तविक कम्प्युटरका पाटपुर्जाहरूको अध्ययन गर्दछ (जसलाई हामी छुन र हेर्न सक्छौँ), र सफ्टवेयर इन्जिनियरिङ्गले कम्प्युटर कार्यक्रमहरू कसरी प्रभावकारी , सहज बनाउन सकिन्छ भनेर र तिनीहरूको निर्माणमा ध्यान दिन्छ।

Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes

- Edsger Dijkstra

कम्प्युटर विज्ञानका अंगहरू

भित्री गणित

• बूलियन अल्जेब्रा (जहाँ केही कुरा सही वा गलत मात्र हुन सक्छ)
• कम्युटर सांखिकरण (कम्प्युटरले कसरी गणना गर्दछ)
• डिस्क्रेट गणित ( संख्या सहितको गणित जसलाई गणना गर्न सकिन्छ)
• सांकेतिक लजिक (गणितको बारेमा सोच्ने र बोल्ने तरिका)

एउटा आदर्श कम्प्युटर कसरी काम गर्दछ

• Algorithmic information theory (how easy or hard is a problem for a computer to solve?)
• Complexity theory (how much time र memory does a computer need to solve a problem?)
• Computability theory (Can a computer do something?)
• Information theory (math that studies data र how to pass data)
• Theory of computation (study how to solve a problems on a computer, using algorithms)
• Graph theory (math for finding paths from one point to another)
• Type theory (what kinds of data should computers work with?)
• Denotational semantics (math for studying computer languages)
• Algorithms (study how to solve a problem)
• Compilers (turning words into computer programs)
• Lexical Analysis (how to turn words into data)
• Microprogramming (how to control the most important part of a computer)
• Operating systems (Basic computer programs to control various kinds of other programs in computer systems)
• Cryptography (Making data safer)

कम्प्युटर विज्ञान कार्यक्षेत्र

• Artificial intelligence (Making computers think like humans do)
• Computer algebra
• Computer architecture
• Computer graphics (Making images with computers, as in CG)
• Computer networks (Connecting computers to each other)
• Computer program
• Computer programming (Writing, or making, programs for computers)
• Computer security (Protecting computers र information in them)
• Databases (A method of storing र getting information)
• Data structure (How to organize information)
• Distributed computing (Solving problems using many computers in a large area)
• Information retrieval (Getting information back)
• सञ्चालन प्रणालीs (What makes your computer run. E.G लिनक्स, Microsoft Windows, Macintosh)
• Programming languages (Languages that a Programmer uses to write computer programs)
• Program specification (How a programmer writes a computer program)
• Program verification (Testing programs, see also Debugging)
• Robots
• Software engineering (Making computer programs)

Ways it is done

• Benchmark (Testing computer abilities)
• Computer vision (How computers "see" things)
• Collision Detection (How computers (controlling robots) don't crash into stuff)
• Data compression (Make data smaller)
• Data structures (How information is grouped or sorted)
• Data acquisition (Getting data from somewhere)
• Design patterns
• Digital signal processing (Filtering र 'looking' at data)
• File formats (How data is stored र grouped within a file)
• Human-computer interaction (How we use computers)
• Information security (Keeping data away from people we don't want to have it)
• Internet (a large network that connects almost every computer)
• Online computations and algorithms
• Optimization (Making computer programs work faster)
• Software metrics
• VLSI design (The making of a very large र complex computer system)

See also

• computing
• computer scientist
• Turing Award
• IEEE John von Neumann Medal
• Computer jargon
• Computer slang
• Computer science basic topics
• Encyclopedia of Computer Terms