चेकोस्लोभाकिया

चेकोस्लोभाकिया Československo, Česko‑Slovensko
←   ← १९१८–१९९२ →   →   →
Flag since 1920 Coat of arms in 1990–1992
Motto चेक: Pravda vítězí ("Truth prevails"; 1918–1990) ढाँचा:Lang-sk ("Truth prevails"; 1918–1990) ल्याटिन: Veritas vincit ("Truth prevails"; 1990–1992)
राष्ट्रगान Kde domov můj and Nad Tatrou sa blýska (first verses only)
राजधानी	प्राग (Praha)
भाषा	चेक र स्लोभाक
सरकार	गणातन्त्र
President
- 1918–1935	Tomáš G. Masaryk (first)
- 1989–1992	Václav Havel (last)
Prime Minister
- 1918–1919	Karel Kramář
- 1992	Jan Stráský
इतिहास
- स्वतन्त्र	२८ अक्टोबर १९१८
- German occupation	1939
- Liberation	1945
- Dissolution	३१ डिसेम्बर १९९२
क्षेत्रफल
- 1921	१४०,४४६ km2 (५४,२२७ sq mi)
- 1993	१२७,९०० km2 (४९,३८२ sq mi)
जनसंख्या
- 1921 est.	१३,६०७,३८५
Density	९६.९ /km2  (२५०.९ /sq mi)
- 1993 est.	१५,६००,०००
Density	१२२ /km2  (३१५.९ /sq mi)
मुद्रा	Czechoslovak koruna
इन्टरनेट टिएलडी	.cs
टेलिफोन कोड	+42
Current ISO 3166-3 code:        CSHH
The calling code 42 was retired in Winter 1997. The number range was subdivided, and re-allocated amongst Czech Republic, Slovakia and Liechtenstein.
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चेकोस्लोभाकिया वा चेको-स्लोभाकिया (चेक र स्लोभाक: Československo, Česko-Slovensko) मध्य युरोपमा अवस्थित सोभियत राज्य हो ।

सन्दर्भ सामाग्री

स्रोत

• Czechoslovak Republic

अन्य

• Heimann, Mary. Czechoslovakia: The State That Failed (2009). the best scholarly history in English, but with a negative tone stressing maltreatment of minorities.
• Hermann, A. H. A History of the Czechs (1975)
• Kalvoda, Josef. The Genesis of Czechoslovakia (1986)
• Leff, Carol Skalnick. National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, 1918-87 (1988)
• Mantey, Victor. A History of the Czechoslovak Republic (1973)
• Myant, Martin. The Czechoslovak Economy, 1948-88 (1989)
• Naimark, Norman, and Leonid Gibianskii, eds. The Establishment of Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe, 1944-1949 (1997) online edition
• Paul, David. 'Czechoslovakia: Profile of a Socialist Republic at the Crossroads of Europe (1990)
• Renner, Hans. A History of Czechoslovakia since 1945 (1989)
• Seton-Watson, R. W. A History of the Czechs and Slovaks (1943)
• Stone, Norman, and E. Strouhal, eds.Czechoslovakia: Crossroads and Crises, 1918-88 (1989)
• Wheaton, Bernard; Zdenek Kavav. "The Velvet Revolution: Czechoslovakia, 1988-1991". (1992)
• Williams, Kieran, 'Civil Resistance in Czechoslovakia: From Soviet Invasion to "Velvet Revolution", 1968-89', in Adam Roberts and Timothy Garton Ash (eds.), Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present (Oxford University Press, 2009)
• Windsor, Philip, and Adam Roberts, Czechoslovakia 1968: Reform, Repression and Resistance. (1969)
• Wolchik, Sharon L. Czechoslovakia: Politics, Society, and Economics (1990)
• online books and articles

बाहिरी लिङ्कहरू

• U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies, "Czechoslovakia" in public domain
• Soviet Invasion of 1968

• Orders and Medals of Czechoslovakia including Order of the White Lion (in English and Czech)
• Czechoslovakia-The First Czechoslovak Republic
• Andropov to the Central Committee, about the Demonstration in Red Square Against the Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia, 20 September 1968. Andrei Sakharov KGB file, Archieve posted at the Yale University, http://www.yale.edu/annals/sakharov/documents_frames/Sakharov_008.htm
• Hungarian Language Map, border changes after the creation of Czechoslovakia
• Map
• Map

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