बृहस्पतिग्रह

**बृहस्पतिग्रह**
	A composite Cassini image of Jupiter. The dark spot is the shadow of Europa.
Designations
Adjective	Jovian
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch J2000
Aphelion	८१,६५,२०,८०० किमी (५.४५८१०४ AU)
Perihelion	७४,०५,७३,६०० किमी (४.९५०४२९ AU)
Semi-major axis	७७,८५,४७,२०० किमी (५.२०४२६७ AU)
Eccentricity	0.048775
परिभ्रमण अवधि	4,331.572 days; 11.85920 yr; 10,475.8 Jupiter solar days
परिभ्रमण अवधि	398.88 days
परिभ्रमण गति	13.07 km/s
Mean anomaly	18.818°
Inclination	1.305° to Ecliptic; 6.09° to Sun's equator; 0.32° to Invariable plane
Longitude of ascending node	100.492°
Argument of perihelion	275.066°
उपग्रह	६७
Physical characteristics
औशत अर्धब्यास	69,911 ± 6 km;
भूमध्यरेखीय अर्धब्यास	71,492 ± 4 km; 11.209 Earths
ध्रुवीय अर्धब्यास	66,854 ± 10 km; 10.517 Earths
Flattening	0.06487 ± 0.00015
सतहको क्षेत्रफल	6.21796×1010 km2; 121.9 Earths
आयतन	1.43128×1015 km3; 1321.3 Earths
पिण्ड	1.8986×1027 kg; 317.8 Earths; 1/1047 Sun
औशत घनत्व	1.326 g/cm3
Equatorial surface gravity	24.79 m/s2; 2.528 g
Escape velocity	59.5 km/s
परिक्रमण अवधि	9.925 h (9 h 55 m 30 s)
Equatorial rotation velocity	12.6 km/s; 45,300 km/h
अक्षको झुकाव	3.13°
North pole right ascension	268.057°; 17 h 52 min 14 s
North pole declination	64.496°
Albedo	0.343 (Bond); 0.52 (geom.)
Apparent magnitude	-1.6 to -2.94
Angular diameter	29.8" — 50.1"
Atmosphere
वायुमण्डलीय चाप	20–200 kPa (cloud layer)
Scale height	27 km
89.8±2.0%	Hydrogen (H2)
10.2±2.0%	Helium
~0.3%	Methane
~0.026%	Ammonia
~0.003%	Hydrogen deuteride (HD)
0.0006%	Ethane
0.0004%	water
Ices:
	Ammonia
	water
	ammonium hydrosulfide(NH4SH)

भोयजर १ बाट लिईको बृहस्पतिग्रहको तस्बीर

बृहस्पतिग्रह सौर्यमण्डको सबैभन्दा ठूलो र सूर्यबाट पाँचौं ग्रह हो। ग्याँसबाट मात्रै बनेकोले, त्यसलाई ग्याँस पिण्ड भन्छन्। सौर्यमण्डलको अरु सात ग्रहको पिण्ड जम्म गरेपनि, बृहस्पतिग्रहको पिण्ड झन बढी हुन्थ्यो।

सन् २००३मा बृहस्पतिको वरिपरि घुमिरहेको ६३वटा चन्द्रमा पत्ता लगाइसकेको थिए। त्यीमाध्य सबभन्दा ठूलो ४वटा चन्द्र वैज्ञानिक गालिलेयोले पत्ता लागेकोले, गालिलेयी चन्द्रमा भन्छन्। तिनीका नाम आयो, युरोपा, ग्यानिमिड र कलिस्टो हुन्।

बृहस्पतिग्रह ठूलो भएर त्यसको वायु-मण्डल गहिरो गएर उच्च चाप हुन्छ। अन्तरिक्षयान बृहस्पतिभित्र पस्यो भने, एक छिनमै किचिन्थ्यो। त्यसकारणले बृहस्पतिको वायु-मण्डलभित्र के के छ भनेर थोरै थाहा छ।

बृहस्पतिको पतलो चक्क छ।

थप जानकारीका लागि हेर्नुहोस्[सम्पादन गर्ने]

सन्दर्भ[सम्पादन गर्ने]

↑ Yeomans, Donald K. (2006-07-13). "HORIZONS System". NASA JPL. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2007-08-08. — At the site, go to the "web interface" then select "Ephemeris Type: Elements", "Target Body: Jupiter Barycenter" and "Center: Sun".
↑ Orbital elements refer to the barycenter of the Jupiter system, and are the instantaneous osculating values at the precise J2000 epoch. Barycenter quantities are given because, in contrast to the planetary centre, they do not experience appreciable changes on a day-to-day basis from to the motion of the moons.
↑ Seligman, Courtney. "Rotation Period and Day Length". http://cseligman.com/text/sky/rotationvsday.htm. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2009-08-13.
↑ ^४.०० ^४.०१ ^४.०२ ^४.०३ ^४.०४ ^४.०५ ^४.०६ ^४.०७ ^४.०८ ^४.०९ ^४.१० ^४.११ ^४.१२ ^४.१३ उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named fact
↑ "The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter". 2009-04-03. Archived from the original on 2009-04-20. http://web.archive.org/20090420194536/home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2009-04-10. (produced with Solex 10 written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also Invariable plane)
↑ ^६.० ^६.१ ^६.२ ^६.३ ^६.४ Seidelmann, P. Kenneth; Archinal, B. A.; A’Hearn, M. F.; et al. (2007). "Report of the IAU/IAGWorking Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy 90 (3): 155–180. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y. Retrieved 2007-08-28. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
↑ ^७.० ^७.१ ^७.२ ^७.३ ^७.४ ^७.५ ^७.६ ^७.७ Refers to the level of 1 bar atmospheric pressure
↑ "Solar System Exploration: Jupiter: Facts & Figures". NASA. 7 May 2008. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jupiter&Display=Facts.
↑ "Astrodynamic Constants". JPL Solar System Dynamics. 2009-02-27. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?constants. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2007-08-08.
↑ Seidelmann, P. K.; Abalakin, V. K.; Bursa, M.; Davies, M. E.; de Burgh, C.; Lieske, J. H.; Oberst, J.; Simon, J. L.; Standish, E. M.; Stooke, P.; Thomas, P. C. (2001). "Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites: 2000". HNSKY Planetarium Program. http://www.hnsky.org/iau-iag.htm. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2007-02-02.
↑ Anonymous (1983). "Probe Nephelometer". Galileo Messenger (NASA/JPL) (6). Retrieved 2007-02-12. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)

[horizons-1] Yeomans, Donald K. (2006-07-13). "HORIZONS System". NASA JPL. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2007-08-08. — At the site, go to the "web interface" then select "Ephemeris Type: Elements", "Target Body: Jupiter Barycenter" and "Center: Sun".

[barycenter-2] Orbital elements refer to the barycenter of the Jupiter system, and are the instantaneous osculating values at the precise J2000 epoch. Barycenter quantities are given because, in contrast to the planetary centre, they do not experience appreciable changes on a day-to-day basis from to the motion of the moons.

[planet_years-3] Seligman, Courtney. "Rotation Period and Day Length". http://cseligman.com/text/sky/rotationvsday.htm. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2009-08-13.

[fact-4] ४.०० ^४.०१ ^४.०२ ^४.०३ ^४.०४ ^४.०५ ^४.०६ ^४.०७ ^४.०८ ^४.०९ ^४.१० ^४.११ ^४.१२ ^४.१३ उद्दरण त्रुटी: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named fact

[meanplane-5] "The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter". 2009-04-03. Archived from the original on 2009-04-20. http://web.archive.org/20090420194536/home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2009-04-10. (produced with Solex 10 written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also Invariable plane)

[Seidelmann2007-6] ६.० ^६.१ ^६.२ ^६.३ ^६.४ Seidelmann, P. Kenneth; Archinal, B. A.; A’Hearn, M. F.; et al. (2007). "Report of the IAU/IAGWorking Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy 90 (3): 155–180. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y. Retrieved 2007-08-28. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)

[1bar-7] ७.० ^७.१ ^७.२ ^७.३ ^७.४ ^७.५ ^७.६ ^७.७ Refers to the level of 1 bar atmospheric pressure

[nasafact-8] "Solar System Exploration: Jupiter: Facts & Figures". NASA. 7 May 2008. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jupiter&Display=Facts.

[ssd-constants-9] "Astrodynamic Constants". JPL Solar System Dynamics. 2009-02-27. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?constants. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2007-08-08.

[10] Seidelmann, P. K.; Abalakin, V. K.; Bursa, M.; Davies, M. E.; de Burgh, C.; Lieske, J. H.; Oberst, J.; Simon, J. L.; Standish, E. M.; Stooke, P.; Thomas, P. C. (2001). "Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites: 2000". HNSKY Planetarium Program. http://www.hnsky.org/iau-iag.htm. अन्तिम पहुँच मिति: 2007-02-02.

[11] Anonymous (1983). "Probe Nephelometer". Galileo Messenger (NASA/JPL) (6). Retrieved 2007-02-12. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)

[१]

[२]

[३]

[४]

[५]

[६]

[७]

[८]

[९]

[१०]

[११]

हेर्ने • वार्ता • सम्पादन सौर्य परिवार

सूर्य • Heliosphere	ग्रहहरु ☾ = उपग्रह(s) ∅ = rings		बुधग्रह	शुक्रग्रह	पृथ्वी ☾	मंगलग्रह ☾

			बृहस्पतिग्रह ☾ ∅	शनिग्रह ☾ ∅	अरुणग्रह ☾ ∅	वरुणग्रह ☾ ∅

	क्षुद्रग्रहहरु		सेरेस	यम ☾	हुमेआ ☾	मेकमेक

			Eris ☾

	Small Solar System bodies	शिशुग्रहहरु (साना ग्रहहरु)	Groups and families: Vulcanoids · Near-Earth asteroids · Asteroid belt Jupiter Trojans · Centaurs · Neptune Trojans · Asteroid moons · Meteoroids · Pallas · Juno · Vesta · Hygiea ·
		शिशुग्रहहरु (साना ग्रहहरु)	See also the list of asteroids, and the meaning and pronunciation of asteroid names.

		Trans- Neptunians	Kuiper belt – Plutinos: Orcus · Ixion – Cubewanos: 2002 UX₂₅ · Varuna · 1992 QB₁ · 2002 TX₃₀₀ · Quaoar · Huya · 2002 AW₁₉₇
		Trans- Neptunians	Scattered disc: 2002 TC₃₀₂ · 2004 XR₁₉₀ · Sedna

		पुच्छ्रेताराहरु	Lists of periodic and non-periodic comets · Damocloids · Hills cloud · Oort cloud
See also Geology of solar terrestrial planets, astronomical objects, the solar system's list of objects, sorted by radius or mass, and the Solar System Portal

बृहस्पतिग्रह

थप जानकारीका लागि हेर्नुहोस्[सम्पादन गर्ने]

सन्दर्भ[सम्पादन गर्ने]

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