संयुक्त अधिराज्य

बेलायत र उत्तरी आयरल्याण्डको संयुक्त अधिराज्य
झन्डा Royal coat of arms
राष्ट्रिय गान:  "God Save the Queen"
संयुक्त अधिराज्य-अवस्थिति (dark green) – Europe-এ (green & dark grey) – the European Union-এ (green)  –  [व्याख्या]
राजधानी र सबैभन्दा ठुलो सहर	London
आधिकारिक भाषाहरू	English
मान्यता प्राप्त आञ्चलिक भाषाहरू	Irish, Ulster Scots, Scottish Gaelic, Scots, Welsh, Cornish
जातिगत समूहहरू (2001 See: UK ethnic groups list)	92.1% White 4.0% South Asian 2.0% Black 1.2% Mixed 0.4% Chinese 0.4% Other
धर्म	Anglican
रैथाने(हरू)	British or Briton
सरकार	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch	Elizabeth II
• Prime Minister	David Cameron MP
व्यवस्थापिका	Parliament
• माथिल्लो सदन	House of Lords
• तल्लो सदन	House of Commons
Formation
• Acts of Union 1707	1 May 1707
• Acts of Union 1800	1 January 1801
• Anglo-Irish Treaty	12 April 1922
क्षेत्रफल
• जम्मा	२,४३,६१० किमी२ (९४,०६० वर्ग माइल) (80th)
• पानी (%)	1.34
जनसङ्ख्या
• Mid-2010 अनुमानित	62,262,000 (22nd)
• 2001 जनगणना	58,789,194
• घनत्व	२५५.६ /किमी2 (६६२.० /वर्ग माइल) (51st)
कुल ग्राहस्थ उत्पादन (क्रय शक्ति समता)	2011 लगत
• जम्मा	$2.253 trillion (8th)
• प्रति व्यक्ति	$35,646 (22nd)
कुल ग्राहस्थ उत्पादन (साङ्केतिक)	2011 लगत
• जम्मा	$2.480 trillion (7th)
• प्रति व्यक्ति	$39,459 (22nd)
गिनी (2008–09)	41
मानव विकास सूचकाङ्क (2011)	0.863  · 28th
मुद्रा	Pound sterling (GBP)
समय क्षेत्र	अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय प्रमाणिक समय+0 (GMT)
• ग्रीष्मकालीन (दिवाप्रकाश समय बचत)	अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय प्रमाणिक समय+1 (BST)
मिति ढाँचा	dd/mm/yyyy (AD)
सडक प्रयोग	left
टेलिफोन कोड	44
इन्टरनेट डोमेन	.uk
A second coat of arms is used in Scotland

बेलायत र उत्तरी आयरल्याण्डको संयुक्त अधिराज्य (अङ्ग्रेजी: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, छोटकरिमा संयुक्त अधिराज्य) उत्तरपश्चिम युरोपको एक राज्य हो। यो राज्य चारवटा अलग राष्ट्रहरू : बेलायत, स्कटल्याण्ड, र वेल्स तथा आयरल्याण्ड टापुको उत्तरी आयरल्याण्ड मिलेर बनेको छ ।

जनसङ्ख्या

करिव ६ करोड जनसङ्ख्या यस देशमा बसोबास गर्दछन्। अङ्ग्रेजी सबैभन्दा बढी बोलिने भाषा हो, तर अन्य धेरै भाषाहरू पनि बोलिन्छ। यस देशमा अङ्ग्रेजी बाहेक अन्य धेरै मात्रीभाषाहरू छन् - वेल्समा वेल्श, कोर्नवालमा कर्निश, स्कटल्यण्डमा स्कटिश र स्कट्स, र उत्तर आयरल्याण्डमा आइरिश।

भूगोल

संयुक्त अधिराज्यको राजधानी लण्डन हो, जुन बेलायतको दक्षिणपूर्व स्थित टेम्ज नदीको किनारमा रहेको एक विशाल सहर हो। अन्य ठूला सहरहरू बर्मिङहम, ब्रिस्टल, म्यानचेस्टर, लिभरपुल, योर्क, न्युक्यासल अपन टाइन, लिड्स, शेफिल्ड, कार्डिफ, एडिनब्रा, ग्लासगो, इन्भेर्नेस, आबेरडिन, डुनी, बेलफास्ट, र लण्डनडेरी (जसलाई डेरी पनि भनिन्छ) हुन्।

संयुक्त अधिराज्य युरोपको मुख्यभुमीको उत्तरपश्चिम किनारमा अवस्थित छ। संयुक्त अधिराज्यको वरिपरि उत्तर समुद्र, अङ्ग्रेज च्यानल र एटलान्टिक महासागर छन्।

संयुक्त अधिराज्यको अधिनमा केही स-साना ठाउँहरू पनि छन्, जसलाई समुद्रपारका प्रान्तहरू भनिन्छ।

राजनीति

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. The people of the United Kingdom vote for a Member of Parliament to speak for them र to help make laws for them. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II is the queen of the UK र is the head of state (Person in charge of the country). Even though she is the head of state, she does not choose what the United Kingdom should do about things like education (teaching people), healthcare (making sick people better) or other choices. The person who chooses for the people in the United Kingdom is the Prime Minister, who is in charge of the government. Today, the Prime मन्त्री is Gordon Brown, who is the leader of the Labour party.

Parliament, where laws are made, has three constituent parts: the House of Commons र the House of Lords र the Queen in Parliament. The House of Commons generally holds primacy. The Members of Parliament serve in the Commons, as has every Prime मन्त्री since the Marquess of Salisbury resigned in 1902. The peers sitting in the House of Lords are not chosen by all of the people of the United Kingdom. They are people who are peers, because their parents were peers (ie. they are hereditary peers), they have been created peers or they are important officials in the established Church of England. The 92 hereditary peers are the only elected members of the House of Lords.

Northern Ireland, Scotland र Wales have their own devolved Assemblies, which do less than the UK Parliament. The UK Parliament remains sovereign र it can suspend the devolved administrations at any time. The Northern Ireland Assembly is currently suspended whilst extensive negotiations are underway to resolve concerns between the two major parties. Usually there is agreement about what types of law are made by each Assembly.

संयुक्त अधिराज्यको इतिहास

Wales was taken over by England in the 13th century. When Queen Elizabeth I of England died, उनको closest relative was James the King of Scotland. He was king of both England र Scotland, but they stayed as two countries. In 1707, the Scottish र English Parliaments passed the Treaty of Union, which joined them as one country called Great Britain.

By the year 1800, England had already had much influence over Ireland for over 600 years. In that year laws were passed in Great Britain र Ireland to merge the two states. This was against the wishes of many of the Irish people, as they had in previous centuries already suffered much English oppression. The new country was called the United Kingdom of Great Britain र Ireland. In 1922 much of Ireland be came independent as the Irish Free State (now called the Republic of Ireland) from the United Kingdom. However, six northern counties of Ireland continued to be part of the United Kingdom. The country was renamed The United Kingdom of Great Britain र Northern Ireland.

सन्दर्भ सूची

युरोपेली सङ्घ

ak:United Kingdom